Which factor most significantly contributes to hypothermia?

Prolonged exposure to cold is the most significant factor contributing to hypothermia. Hypothermia occurs when the body loses heat more quickly than it can produce it, leading to a drop in core body temperature. When an individual is exposed to cold temperatures for extended periods, particularly in wet conditions or windy environments, the body can lose heat rapidly.

In these situations, the body’s mechanisms for maintaining temperature—such as shivering and restricting blood flow to extremities—may become insufficient. The risk of hypothermia increases significantly if an individual is not adequately dressed for cold weather, as well as if they are wet, because moisture can greatly accelerate heat loss. Therefore, understanding the dangers of prolonged cold exposure is crucial for preventing hypothermia in mountain environments.

The other options do not directly lead to hypothermia. High temperatures can lead to heat-related illnesses, while excessive hydration is not associated with cold exposure. Excessive physical activity may temporarily elevate body temperature, but if it occurs in cold conditions without adequate gear, it can still lead to heat loss rather than prevent it.